Category: Biblical Timeline Chart

Taharqa was the King of Ethiopia (also known as the land of Cush or Kush). He reigned during the 7th century BC and is listed on the Biblical Timeline Chart during that time period.

These Articles are Written by the Publishers of The Amazing Bible Timeline
Quickly See 6000 Years of Bible and World History Together

Unique Circular Format – see more in less space.
Learn facts that you can’t learn just from reading the Bible
Attractive design ideal for your home, office, church …

Limited Time Offer! Find out more now! >

Taharqa was also the Pharaoh of Egypt, and a king of its Twenty-Fifth Dynasty, later to be known as the only Nubian dynasty of that ancient kingdom. His crown as Pharaoh bore two snakes to show that he was the king of both lands.

Taharqa lived during the reign of King Hezekiah of Judah, a time when the Assyrians, under King Sennacherib, attacked Jerusalem.

The Bible says in 2 Kings 19:9 that King Sennacherib received news that “Tirhaka”, the King of Cush, was marching out against him. Both the Bible and nonbiblical records show that the Assyrian army withdrew because of this and Jerusalem was saved from destruction.

It was an important triumph in both Hebrew and world history because Judaism, a fledgling religion during this time, was protected and allowed to evolve by this victory.

He was said to be about twenty years old when he marched out to Jerusalem to fight the Assyrians in 701 BC. However, his reign is traced from 690 – 664 BC. It would seem that he was not yet king when he saved Jerusalem. This difference in the dates may be explained by the suggestion that the “title of king in the Biblical text refers to his future
royal title, when at the time of this account he was likely only a military commander.”

Tirhaka, Tarkakah, also Tarakos, Tearkos, Tharsikes and Tarku are some of the variations of this Ethiopian ruler’s name, whose existence has been confirmed by accounts from other ancient historians such as Herodotus, Manetho, Strabo, and Josephus.

Taharqa was the son of Piye, Nubian King of Napata, who conquered Egypt and established what was to become its TwentyFifth Dynasty. His mother was Abar.

Taharqa was the successor to his brother Shebitku. Under his rule, Egypt
and Kush enjoyed peace and prosperity. The military campaigns of Piye and Shabaka before him led to both lands flourishing under Taharqa’s reign. During this time of wealth, he “restored existing temples, built new ones, and constructed the largest pyramid in the Napatan region. His additions to the Temple at Karnak,
the new temple at Kawa, and the temple at Jebel Barkalwere particularly impressive.

It was also during his reign, that Assyria, under Sennacherib’s son and successor Esarhaddon began invading Egypt in 677 BC.
By the year 671 BC, Esarhaddon had conquered Memphis and captured several members of Taharqa’s family. Taharqa escaped to Nubia but continued to incite rebellion against the Assyrians.

Finally, in 664 BC, he was defeated by Esarhaddon’s
son Ashurbanipal and fled to Thebes where he died and was buried in Nuri, North Sudan. He was then succeeded by Tantamani.

Based on research, historical accounts on tea were first mentioned in 222 AD where it is listed on the Biblical Timeline Chart with World History. This gives us insights into how this famous beverage was first discovered and used in ancient times. There were stories in Chinese mythology relating to the discovery of tea as early as 2737 BC by the Emperor Shen Nong, who reigned during the San Huang Period. This man was a well-known scholar, and he invented the herbal medicine of the Chinese. According to myths, Shen Nong ordered his servants to boil water, which he established as a practice to ensure the purity of drinking water. While the water was still boiling, some dried leaves fell into it, which resulted to the brownish shade of the water as the leaves were infused into it. After the emperor had drunk this rather strange-colored liquid, he found it to be rather refreshing. The tree where the leaves came from was a wild tea tree. Hence, the origin of tea in China.

These Articles are Written by the Publishers of The Amazing Bible Timeline
Quickly See 6000 Years of Bible and World History Together

Unique Circular Format – see more in less space.
Learn facts that you can’t learn just from reading the Bible
Attractive design ideal for your home, office, church …

Limited Time Offer! Find out more now! >

Tea as Mentioned in Chinese Texts

In 222 AD, tea was first mentioned in various Chinese writing. It was noted as an alternative to wine, and numerous Chinese began the practice of drinking tea. During the third century tea became more popular for its health benefits, although it was the nobilities of Tang Dynasty that considered tea as a “fashionable” drink. It was also during this time that there was an increasing demand for tea, which also boosted the cultivation of tea instead of harvesting the leaves from various wild trees in the country.

The Popularity of Tea in China

During the Sung Dynasty beginning 960 AD, the powdered form of tea became popular among the people. Tea drinkers also made use of ceramic accessories such as cups and pots with black, brown and dark blue glazes. These designs were sharp contrasts to the well-loved green color of tea that they drank.

By 1101, Emperor Hui Tsung came up with a text that described some techniques on how to prepare whisked green tea. He was one of the notable patrons of tea. He also had some tournaments that involved court members who were required to identify the different tea types. It was during his reign that teahouses were built in various natural settings.

1206 marked the start of the Yuan Dynasty, and numerous territories in China were conquered by Kublai Khan and Genghis Khan. It was not too long after the invasion of China that a Mongolian dynasty was established. At this point in history, tea was no longer just for the nobilities, but it was also enjoyed by the average person as it became an ordinary beverage.

In the Ming Dynasty, people developed a new way of preparing tea, which was by steeping whole tea leaves in boiling water. This technique has led to the pale color of tea, and white ceramic cups and pots became more preferred by tea drinkers.

Throughout the years, people still enjoy drinking tea, and the popularity of this beverage spread from China to various parts of the world.

According to scholars portions of Bible were translated by Caedmon; a poet who was once mentioned in a text by Bede. This event can be found on the Biblical Timeline Chart around 680 AD. Caedmon was believed to have sung some poems in the Old English language which were based on stories from the Bible. However, he was not solely responsible for the translation of some Biblical texts.

Who was Caedmon?

A Northumbrian English poet, Caedmon was an Anglo-Saxon and noted for his love for animals when he settled at the Whitby Abbey’s double monastery. He remained at the monastery during the time of St. Hilda. He was able to compose a poem while in a dream, as told by Bede who was a historian during the 8th century. Caedmon soon became a monk, as well as a Christian poet who composed numerous original works.

Based in medieval texts, Caedmon was among the 12 Anglo-Saxon poets whose biographical information was rather incomplete. However, Bede wrote about him and described Caedmon as a gifted man who was brilliant in creating religious verses under God‘s inspiration. The texts from the scripture that was interpreted by him gave him the inspiration to easily compose a poem in the Old English language. His poetic verses were quite extraordinary and inspirational.

These Articles are Written by the Publishers of The Amazing Bible Timeline
Quickly See 6000 Years of Bible and World History Together

Unique Circular Format – see more in less space.
Learn facts that you can’t learn just from reading the bible
Attractive design ideal for your home, office, church …

Limited Time Offer! Find out more now! >

Works and Accomplishments

The Caedmon’s Hymn was regarded as the poet’s surviving work. This was a praise poem composed of nine lines with alliterations. It was intended to give honor to God. He was believed to have sung these lines during the time he was in a dream state. This poem was among the finest examples of poetry set in the Old English language, as well as in the Germanic language.

By the 17th century, a few poems were discovered and believed to have been written by Caedmon. In fact, Archbishop Ussher showed an anthology of Anglo-Saxon poems to Francis Junius, a Dutch scholar. These poems were written in 1000 AD and Junius was a specialist in Anglo-Saxon studies. He analyzed these poems and discovered that these were a perfect match to the description of Caedmon according to Bede. Moreover, these verses included poetic paraphrases of the Book of Genesis, Daniel, and Exodus. There were also poems that dealt with the Ascension, Resurrection, the descent of Christ into Hell and the Fall of Angels.

When Junius went back to Holland, he decided to publish an edition of the said manuscript with all the poems attributed to Caedmon. Thus, it was referred to as “Caedmon Manuscript”, and it is currently found in the Bodleian Library.

According to Bede, several English writers who composed sacred verses imitated the style of Caedmon, yet their works were nothing compared to his. In fact, the literary value of poems by Caedmon was of the highest value. The biblical stories were not simply paraphrased but were all created into a clear image that allowed readers to have a better understanding of these texts. These were referred to as one of the finest English sacred poems that continue to inspire the readers.

The Tiahuano/Tiwanaku in Bolivia is referred to as an archeological site during the Pre-Columbian era. It was situated in the western portion of that country. The empire can be found on the Biblical Timeline Chart with World History around 600 AD and existed from the years 300 to 1000 AD.  Andean Scholars consider Tiwanaku as a great civilization before the Inca Empire started. This area maintained its status as an administrative and ritual capital; its glory lasted for about 500 years. At present, this ancient city state still has some ruins on the shores of Lake Titicaca; which is in the Ingavi Province.

These Articles are Written by the Publishers of The Amazing Bible Timeline
Quickly See 6000 Years of Bible and World History Together

Unique Circular Format – see more in less space.
Learn facts that you can’t learn just from reading the Bible
Attractive design ideal for your home, office, church …

Limited Time Offer! Find out more now! >

Overview of the Tiwanaku

Pedro Cieza de Leon, a Spanish Conquistador, came up with a written history of this site in Bolivia. In 1549, he first discovered ruins of Tiwanaku while he was looking for Qullasuyu, an Inca capital. The original name of Tiwanaku was believed to have been lost since the inhabitants of this land were not able to develop their written language. Historians believe that the ancient people of Tiwanaku spoke the Puquina language.

According to researchers, Tiwanaku was first inhabited in about 1500 BC. It served as an agricultural village, and there were pilgrimages in the area. The location of Tiwanaku was quite vital to agriculture as it was between the dry highlands and the lake. Thus, the people had extensive resources of plants and fish and there were vast herding grounds for the llamas.

The Titicaca Basin helped the people grow their crops since it received a good amount of rainfall during the year. The people were dedicated to expanding their farming skills and helped the civilization flourish. Flood-raised fields were a significant farming technique developed by the Tiwanaku. This enabled them to grow rich produce in their lands. This type of field was also observed in regional agriculture along with their terraced fields, qochas, and pasture.

Tiwanaku’s elites lived in a sheltered area that was surround by a moat. According to some historians, the moat was intended to make the area appear as sacred. In fact, there were several images found on this site, yet the elites were the only ones who had access to these. It was considered as a holy shrine, and commoners were only given an opportunity to enter the site during important ceremonies.

The Tiwanaku developed numerous materials and technologies that improved the lives of the people. Materials were created to enhance the Tiwanaku’s architecture and economy. The people were highly skilled in pottery, basketmaking and textiles. In addition to this, there were monumental buildings that once stood in the empire’s capital that presented the site as the seat of religion and politics. Overall, Tiwanaku possessed a multiethnic character and remarkable skills with its natives working together to elevate its economic situation until the civilization’s decline.

Between the years 364 and 375 AD, Valentinian became the ruler of the Roman empire where he can be found on the Biblical Timeline Chart. At the time of his reign, he also appointed Valens, his brother as his co-emperor. During his rule, he was in control of the western provinces while Valens served in the East.

Notable Accomplishments

Valentinian was remembered for his victorious battle against the Sarmatians, Quadi, and Alamanni. He was also a significant figure during the Battle of Solicinium against the Alamanni in 367 AD. Valentinian was the last emperor who aimed to initiate and strengthen campaigns across the Danube and Rhine rivers. He enhanced the forts situated along the Roman empire’s frontiers so that there were stronger fortresses in the territory of their opponents.

These Articles are Written by the Publishers of The Amazing Bible Timeline
Quickly See 6000 Years of Bible and World History Together

Unique Circular Format – see more in less space.
Learn facts that you can’t learn just from reading the Bible
Attractive design ideal for your home, office, church …

Limited Time Offer! Find out more now! >

During the time of his rule, he did many things to take control of the empire. He was noted as the last great emperor in the western provinces. He was also responsible for establishing a dynasty, and his sons Valentinian II and Gratian became his successors.

Background

Valentinian hailed from the town of Cibalae, a place in the southern part of Pannonia. His father was Gratianus Major a brilliant and renowned commander during the time of Constans and Constantine I.  He was educated in sculpting and painting, among other subjects along with his brother, Valentinian.

In about 320 or the early part of 330, he joined his father during a trip to Africa. However, it was not long after Gratianus had to retire when he received accusations of embezzlement. By 330, Valentinian decided to join the army and gained the title Protector Domesticus. Gratianus went back to Cibalae during his retirement years.

Valentinian as an Emperor

In 364, Valentinian was proclaimed as an emperor. His main objective was to take his army. In fact, the soldiers were quite impressed because of Valentinian’s boldness and the decision to serve as an emperor. He also opted to have a co-ruler, as this ensured officials in the eastern provinces that the imperial authority would always serve to their advantage. Valentinian chose Valens as his co-ruler, although this was objected by his magister equitum, Dagalaifus.

He spent much of his reign during 364 in appointing military commands and administrative tasks. Valens became the prefect of Oriens while Valentinian ruled in Illyricum, Africa, Gaul, and Italy. His court was established in Milan.

In November 365, Valentinian learned about the revolt of the Procopius and the Alamanni. He ordered Dagalaifus to take part in a battle against the Alamanni while Valentinian set off to the eastern provinces to support Valens. However, he was advised by his court to remain in Gaul, so he could protect the people against the invaders. He proceeded to Durocortorum and commanded Severianus and Charietto to fight the Alamanni, but they both died during the battle.

Death

In 374, he traveled to Brigetio and continued his campaigns. Upon his arrival to Brigetio, he was met with the Quadi and allowed them to leave the town peacefully after a supply of more recruits to the empire’s army was given. Before they left, they complained that there was a conflict caused all because of the construction of Roman forts in Brigetio. This, among other political concerns, caused the death of Valentinian when a blood vessel in his skull burst while he was yelling at the envoys. Valentinian’s rule ended when he died in 375.

In 363 AD where it can be found on the Biblical Timeline Chart, the Council of Laodicea officially forbade individuals from reading uncanonized books. Moreover, only canonical books of the Old and New Testament were supposed to be read in Church. This declaration was given out during the 59th canon, and it was followed by the 60th canon that included a list of the books that are not to be read.

There were Old Testament books that were found in the list, although the order in which they are listed was somewhat peculiar. The list involved the minor and major prophets, as well as Daniel. As for the New Testament, this included the seven recognized Catholic epistles, with 14 epistles by Paul, and letters to Hebrews.

These Articles are Written by the Publishers of The Amazing Bible Timeline
Quickly See 6000 Years of Bible and World History Together

Unique Circular Format – see more in less space.
Learn facts that you can’t learn just from reading the Bible
Attractive design ideal for your home, office, church …

Limited Time Offer! Find out more now! >

In the 59th canon of Laodicea, several books were mentioned to have been included. These included the books of Kings, Chronicles, Joshua, Judges, Moses, Solomon, Job, Psalms of David and the 16 prophets. In the New Testament, the list included the Acts, 4 Gospels, and the letters of Paul. However, the Catholic epistles were not stated. During the time of the Antiochian Church, letters from Cosmas, Theodore, and a few others were denied of their apostolicity.

In the Council of Laodicea, Cyril of Jerusalem provided a list of scriptures that were considered to be divine. In the list, the Old Testament contained 22 books, and these books were arranged in a manner that is similar to what can be found in the present English Bible. Furthermore, Jeremiah was considered to be associated with the terms “Baruch and the Epistle”. As for the New Testament, all the books were indicated, with the exception of the Apocalypse.

In 365 AD, Archbishop Athanasius required the list to be written in order and must indicate canonical books that are considered as divine. He came up with list of the books of the Old Testament that was nearly similar with what Cyril has made. Although Esther was not a part of it and the Book of Ruth was included separately to form all the 22 books in the list.

Athanasius also mentioned that there were other non-canonical books, which were written by the prophets and not to be read in the church. These books included the Wisdom of Sirach, Wisdom of Solomon, Judith, Tobit, Esther, and the Apostles’ Doctrines. His list of the New Testament books included the Apocalypse, which was not on the list provided by Cyril. He also noted that there were numerous apocryphal books that were also considered as canonical such as Sirach, Baruch, Tobit and Daniel.

Basil of Caesarea formed a canon that agreed with the one prepared by Athanasius. There were some books that he believed belonged to a canon. These books included Baruch, Sirach, Wisdom, Daniel, Judith and Jeremiah.

As for the list by Gregory of Nazianzus, it was presented in a poetical structure. His list of the Old Testament books was similar with Athanasius, although he only mentioned all the canonical books. He also did not include the book of Esther. The New Testament list was also different since he failed to include Apocalypse, unlike what Athanasius did.

Overall, the Council of Laodicea banned several books including Barnabas, Nicodemus, Paul and Thecla, Paul and Seneca, Christ and Abgarus, 1 Clement, II Clement, The Apostles Creed, Mary, Magnesians, and Polycarp, to name a few.

The Nicene Creed that listed is on the Biblical Timeline Chart with World History during 378 AD refers to the Christians’ profession of faith, which is recited in liturgical celebrations. The term was adopted in the Nicaea, a city where the Council of Nicaea was held in 325 AD. However, it is in a different form than the ones used at present in the Eastern Orthodox Church, Catholic Church, Anglican Communion, Oriental Orthodox Churches, Protestant denominations or the Church of the East. In the West, the Apostles’ Creed is recited, although this is not found in Eastern liturgies. As for the Catholic Church, the profession of faith includes the Nicene Creed. Byzantine Rites include the recitation or singing of the Nicene Creed at Divine Liturgies. This Creed precedes the Eucharistic Prayer, which is recited daily.

These Articles are Written by the Publishers of The Amazing Bible Timeline
Quickly See 6000 Years of Bible and World History Together

Unique Circular Format – see more in less space.
Learn facts that you can’t learn just from reading the Bible
Attractive design ideal for your home, office, church …

Limited Time Offer! Find out more now! >

Forms of Nicene Creed The Nicene Creed has two forms, and these have several designations with distinct meanings. For instance, the Nicene Creed is about the original version of the creed that was created in the Council of Nicaea. However, it was eventually used to refer to the revised version, and into the Latin version of additional phrases such as the Filioque and Deum de Deo. As for the Armenian Version, this included the phrase God from God, among a few others. As for the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed, it refers to Constantinople’s revised version of the creed, as well as a few other versions. When the Creed is sung in Latin, this profession of faith is usually called Credo.

Significance of the Creed

The creed was created to establish a definite doctrinal statement of the Church’s belief. Furthermore, the Nicene Creed was made during the time of the controversy among the Arians. In Alexandria, a Libyan presbyter named Arius stated that while God-the-Son was divine, he was not co-essential with God-the-father because he was born as a being. Hence, Jesus was less than God-the-father, and this stirred up some conflicts in terms of the doctrine about the Holy Trinity. In the Nicene Creed, it provides an affirmation of the Son’s co-essential divinity, which means he was primarily consubstantial. In the 381 version of the Creed, the Holy Spirit was referred to as glorified and worshipped along with the Son and Father. As for the Athanasian Creed, it offered more details about the relationship of the Trinity. The Apostles’ Creed, on the other hand, lacked any statements about the Holy Spirit and the Son’s divine nature.

Further Details about the Nicene Creed

In 325 AD, the Nicene Creed was adopted by the Council of Nicaea. After the council, there was a new formula of the profession of faith that existed, and these are merely intended to counter the different phases of Arianism.

The Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed was adopted during the 381 AD in the Second Ecumenical Council, and this intended to modify the Nicene Creed created in 325 AD. It is also an ecumenical profession of the Christian faith, which was accepted by the Eastern Orthodox, Anglican, most Protestant denominations and the Roman Catholic. On the other hand, the Athanasian and Apostles’ Creeds were not accepted widely by most Christians.

The Etruscan wars with Rome refer to a series of battles that involved the people of Ancient Rome and the Etruscans. It can be found on the Biblical Timeline Chart around 754 BC. These wars transpired during the early stages of Rome’s history. Based on the Roman foundation myths, the Etruscans were under the rule of King Mezentius. He formed an alliance with King Turnus of Rutuli, and they fought with the Latins and placed the Trojans in exile. These events occurred under the leadership of Latinus and Aeneas.

It was decided that the river Tiber would serve as the common boundary between the Latins and Etruscans. This served as an agreement to end the battle.

These Articles are Written by the Publishers of The Amazing Bible Timeline
Quickly See 6000 Years of Bible and World History Together

Unique Circular Format – see more in less space.
Learn facts that you can’t learn just from reading the Bible
Attractive design ideal for your home, office, church …

Limited Time Offer! Find out more now! >

During the 8th century BC, the Fidenates or a group of Etruscans aimed to suppress Rome as their future threat. This was during the time of Romulus‘ rule, and the king decided to march towards Fidenae to set an ambush and drive away the Etruscans from the city. At that time, the Fidenates were in disorder, and they were immediately caught up in the ambush. Another group of people called the Veientes were alarmed at the condition of the Fidenae because of the proximity to the Veii, as well as their linkage with the Fidenates. Hence, the Veientes decided to launch an attack to the Roman territory. Romulus and his army soon met with the Veientes and a battle was launched outside the territory of Veii. In the battle, the Romans won, and this caused the Veientes to leave the Roman territory and head off to the city. The Veientes pleaded for a peaceful agreement, and this resulted to a 100-year treaty that included giving a portion of their territory to the Romans.

Another war occurred between the people of Veii and Fidenae, during the 7th century BC. Based on historians, Fidenae became a Roman colony. This was believed to have been made possible after Romulus was defeated in a battle.

In 7 BC, Tullus Hostilius became the third king of the Roman empire. A second war with the Veientes and Fidenates was declared. Initially, it began as an open revolt against Rome by the Fidenates. King Tullus ordered Mettius along with his army to go to Fidenae. The Roman and Alba Longa army joined forces, and they crossed the Anio and remained in the area near the Tiber.

At the same time, the Veii army also crossed and camped in the Tiber, and they prepared for battle together with the Fidenates. The Veientes was closer to the river while the Fidenates were near to the mountains.

When the battle began, the Alban troops along with Mettius decided to approach the mountains. The Fidenates feared that they would be overpowered by the large army, so they fled and escaped from the battle. This caused the Romans to head off towards the Veientes instead.

A series of other battles transpired, yet the Romans were able to overcome various groups of people that attempted to destroy their empire. Several battles also ended with a peace treaty despite the gruesome aftermath of these wars.