The Tiahuano/Tiwanaku in Bolivia is referred to as an archeological site during the Pre-Columbian era. It was situated in the western portion of that country. The empire can be found on the Biblical Timeline Chart with World History around 600 AD and existed from the years 300 to 1000 AD. Andean Scholars consider Tiwanaku as a great civilization before the Inca Empire started. This area maintained its status as an administrative and ritual capital; its glory lasted for about 500 years. At present, this ancient city state still has some ruins on the shores of Lake Titicaca; which is in the Ingavi Province.
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Overview of the Tiwanaku
Pedro Cieza de Leon, a Spanish Conquistador, came up with a written history of this site in Bolivia. In 1549, he first discovered ruins of Tiwanaku while he was looking for Qullasuyu, an Inca capital. The original name of Tiwanaku was believed to have been lost since the inhabitants of this land were not able to develop their written language. Historians believe that the ancient people of Tiwanaku spoke the Puquina language.
According to researchers, Tiwanaku was first inhabited in about 1500 BC. It served as an agricultural village, and there were pilgrimages in the area. The location of Tiwanaku was quite vital to agriculture as it was between the dry highlands and the lake. Thus, the people had extensive resources of plants and fish and there were vast herding grounds for the llamas.
The Titicaca Basin helped the people grow their crops since it received a good amount of rainfall during the year. The people were dedicated to expanding their farming skills and helped the civilization flourish. Flood-raised fields were a significant farming technique developed by the Tiwanaku. This enabled them to grow rich produce in their lands. This type of field was also observed in regional agriculture along with their terraced fields, qochas, and pasture.
Tiwanaku’s elites lived in a sheltered area that was surround by a moat. According to some historians, the moat was intended to make the area appear as sacred. In fact, there were several images found on this site, yet the elites were the only ones who had access to these. It was considered as a holy shrine, and commoners were only given an opportunity to enter the site during important ceremonies.
The Tiwanaku developed numerous materials and technologies that improved the lives of the people. Materials were created to enhance the Tiwanaku’s architecture and economy. The people were highly skilled in pottery, basketmaking and textiles. In addition to this, there were monumental buildings that once stood in the empire’s capital that presented the site as the seat of religion and politics. Overall, Tiwanaku possessed a multiethnic character and remarkable skills with its natives working together to elevate its economic situation until the civilization’s decline.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiwanaku
http://www.sacred-destinations.com/bolivia/tiwanaku
http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/567
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