The city of Rome had originally grown out of seven hills which became known as the Walled Seven Hills of Rome. These hills were situated throughout the first 400 years of Roman history (which is where this appears on the Biblical Timeline with world history) and in time the Roman rulers and people who resided on each hill into one gigantic metropolitan area.
Palentine
King Romulus was the first ruler of Rome and he settled the hill of Palentine during his reign. This hill is considered the premiere historical site of Rome and it is also where some of Rome’s most popular kings and ceasers built their palaces. Palentine was and is also the richest and most popular area of the city of Rome. It is also located between the Roman Forum and the Circus Maximus. Rich and well to do ancient Roman citizens lived here.
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Aventine
Aventine is another premiere hill in the city of Rome. This particular hill is located in the south of Rome, and it was home to some of the middle class and rich citizens of the city. Large homes and villas for the aristocracy were built in this area. Temples for Roman deities such as Diana and Minerva were erected here as well. Public baths and a few civic buildings were also added to the area over the years.
Celio
The Celio Hill had been situated in the middle part of Rome. Many public buildings such as temples, civic structures and basilicas were erected in this spot. The ancient Romans also used this area to build military bases. Celio Hill was a part of the city that was occupied by ordinary citizens.
Esquiline
The Esquiline Hill was used a large gravesite for many of the Roman citizens. The poorer members of the society resided here, and it also contained a large population.
Vinimale
Vinimale Hill is located in another hill area of Rome called Esquiline. This area contained Roman villas and public buildings such as Roman baths. Other civic buildings and a few temples were constructed here as well.
Quirinale
Many temples were built here during ancient times and it also contained the homes of many commoners.
Campidoglio
The Campidoglio Hill had many temples, and it was used a major religious center.
All of these hills were eventually merged into one city during the Republic era of Rome. The people from each section of the area eventually started to work together, trade and merge their resources together in times of war or when disaster struck. Various rulers and politicians also worked to unify the area into one city which eventually became Rome.
The walls that surrounded these hills were first built by King Romulus, who established Palentine. Walled cities were a common feature of the ancient world since they provided protection from outside enemies, so every settled hill region had a wall for defense. Once Rome was unified into one city the walls were eventually torn down. A few of the hills still have retained their walls and still remain as ruins. Modern day Rome is still configured off of this same hill design that was in use since ancient times.
