The Seljuk Turks were a force to be reckoned for much of the tenth and twelfth century. But the Europeans learned that they were not as invincible when they scored three successful combats against the Turks in AD 1118 (this event is recorded on the Bible Timeline with World History during that time). These victories included:
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* The Georgian King David IV the Builder’s capture of the Kingdom of Lori from the Seljuk Turks
* Joscelin I of Edessa successful capture of the town of Azaz (in present-day Syria)
* The capture of Sardis (present-day Manisa Province, Turkey) by the Byzantine general Philocales
* Georgia Recaptured
Located between the coasts of the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea, the tiny Kingdom of Georgia was a battleground for foreign powers. It was united for the first time when Bagrat III became the first king of Georgia in 1008. However, his descendants still had to contend with the Seljuk Turks when they poured out of Central Asia and into Asia Minor and the Levant.
It was not until the reign of King David IV the Builder in 1089 that the Georgians started to fight back against the Seljuks. They reclaimed one by one, the lands once conquered by the Turks. In 1118, King David IV recovered the kingdom of Lori (Tashir-Dzoraget) from the Seljuk Turks. He also resettled thousands of allied Kipchak warriors to keep the land from being invaded once again by the Seljuks.
Joscelin I of Edessa Captured the Town of Azaz
The Frankish nobleman Joscelin of Courtenay arrived in the Levant in 1101 and his cousin, Count Baldwin II of Edessa, gave him the fortress of Turbessel (Tell Bashir) as his tiny domain. Their relationship broke down in 1113, and Joscelin was driven out of Turbessel in the same year. He fled to Jerusalem where he was granted the title of Prince of Galilee. He later helped capture Aleppo’s satellite town of Azaz from its Seljuk atabeg in 1118.
Philocales Captured Sardis
Just like the Kingdom of Georgia, the former Lydian capital of Sardis changed hands many times as years passed because of its strategic location. It was conquered by the Seljuk Turks some time in the eleventh century and was under the Sultanate of Rum’s (a Seljuk vassal) domination during the early part of the twelfth century. The Byzantine general Philocales wrested the city of Sardis from the Turks in 1118.
Picture By Édouard Odier (1800-1887) – Unknown, Public Domain, Link
Napier, Gordon. The Pocket A – Z of the Knights Templar: A Guide to Their History and Legacy. Stroud: Spellmount, 2014. Print.
“See of Sardis.” Wikipedia. Accessed November 09, 2016. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/See_of_Sardis.
West, Barbara A. Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania. New York: Facts On File, 2009. Print.
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